Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 2345-5004 10 1 2021 01 01 Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the successive extracts of the aerial parts of Rumex pictus Forssk. growing in Egypt 116 122 10.34172/jhp.2021.12 EN Nagwa Mohamed Ammar https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-9153 Lamiaa Taha Abou El-Kassem https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2611-0825 Nahla AbdelHamid Ayoub https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4490-889X Sherweit Hamed El-Ahmady https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5350-9239 Maysa Elsayed Moharam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5204-1301 Enaam Mohamed AbouZeid https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2619-7679 Journal Article 10.34172/jhp.2021.12 2020 01 09 2020 04 11 Introduction: Rumex spp. have been used in folk medicine either as food or as medicine for the treatment of several diseases including constipation, fever, inflammation, bacterial and fungal infections. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of the successive extracts of the aerial parts of Rumex pictus Forssk. growing in Egypt, and to identify the chemical constituents in the bioactive extract. Methods: Ether, chloroformic, and 70% methanolic extracts of the aerial parts of R. pictus were assayed for their in vivo anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema method. These extracts were also tested for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities using disc diffusion method. Results: The 70% methanolic extract of R. pictus exhibited significant anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anti-candida activities. Thus, fractionation of the bioactive extract was performed which led to the isolation of three anthraquinones, as well as, seven flavonoids. Conclusion: Rumex pictus possesses anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities which reinforce its use in ethnomedicine.