Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 2345-5004 14 3 2025 07 01 Protective effects of Allium stipitatum Regel. extract against streptozotocin-induced cytotoxicity in pancreatic beta cells: Implications for diabetes management 366 374 10.34172/jhp.2025.52912 EN Musa Moetasam Zorab https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6792-0010 Journal Article 10.34172/jhp.2025.52912 2025 01 12 2025 04 01 Introduction: Allium stipitatum is used against diabetes but its protective effects on beta cells remain unclear. This study investigated the cytoprotective and antioxidative effects of A. stipitatum extract in a streptozotocin (STZ)-induced beta-cell injury model. Methods: Allium stipitatum methanol extract was prepared and tested at 10 µg/mL on cultured pancreatic beta cells, alone or in combination with STZ (100 µM). Cell viability (Trypan blue test), insulin secretion (ELISA), nitric oxide (NO) levels (Griess method), and total antioxidant capacity (FRAP assay) were evaluated. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey’s test (P<0.05). Results: STZ significantly reduced insulin secretion (From 45.7±0.38 to 21.47 ± 0.78 mU/L) (P<0.05) in STZ group, while A. stipitatum extract increased it to 40.7 ± 0.41 mU/L (P<0.05) in the extract group. Additionally, in all four groups where the extract was applied (extract, extract + STZ (pre-treatment), STZ + extract (post-treatment), and extract – STZ (co-treatment), the extract increased insulin secretion levels. Beta-cell viability declined with STZ (From 33633±1537 to 11500 ± 577 cells) but improved with extract treatment to 26500 ± 1626 (P<0.05). Although the extract did not significantly enhance total antioxidant capacity, it markedly reduced NO levels, particularly in extract + STZ group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Allium stipitatum extract supports beta-cell survival and insulin secretion in STZ-induced pancreatic damage, indicating potential therapeutic applications in diabetes management. Further studies are needed to identify active compounds and optimize its use.