Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences Journal of Herbmed Pharmacology 2345-5004 14 4 2025 10 01 Protective effects of ethanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb. against ethylene glycol-induced hyperoxaluria and urolithiasis in rats 482 495 10.34172/jhp.2025.53049 EN Madan L. Kaushik https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7859-3959 Nishant Goutam https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2732-5230 Mahendra Singh Ashawat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7188-426X Journal Article 10.34172/jhp.2025.53049 2025 04 03 2025 06 06 Introduction: Renal urolithiasis is a prevalent global health concern due to its high recurrence rate. Cuscuta reflexa (Roxb) has been traditionally used for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study investigated the antiurolithiatic potential of the ethanolic extract of Cuscuta reflexa (EECR) in an ethylene glycol (EG)-induced rat model of urolithiasis. Methods: The alcoholic extract was subjected to phytochemical screening and quantification of bioactive compounds. Urolithiasis was induced using EG and followed by EECR treatment. Biochemical analysis of urine assessed calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and citrate levels. Serum was analyzed for urea, creatinine, and uric acid. Kidney tissues were examined histologically and assessed for oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzyme activity. Results: EECR at 400 mg/kg significantly (P<0.001) improved urinary parameters by reducing calcium, oxalate, and uric acid levels, while increasing citrate compared to the diseased group. Serum uric acid and calcium levels were also significantly reduced after administration of EECR (P<0.05). EECR enhanced catalase activity and decreased renal tissue calcium and oxalate (P<0.05). Histopathology confirmed reduced crystal deposition and restoration of normal renal architecture. Conclusion: EECR demonstrates promising antiurolithiatic effects by reducing crystal formation, oxidative stress, and renal dysfunction, supporting its potential therapeutic application in urolithiasis management.