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J Herbmed Pharmacol. 2018;7(2): 79-87.
doi: 10.15171/jhp.2018.14

Scopus ID: 85045023579
  Abstract View: 6535
  PDF Download: 3473

Original Article

Analysis of ergosterol and gene expression profiles of sterol Δ5,6-desaturase (ERG3) and lanosterol 14α-demethylase (ERG11) in Candida albicans treated with carvacrol

Fahimeh Alizadeh 1, Alireza Khodavandi 2* ORCID logo, Samad Esfandyari 1, Sadegh Nouripour-Sisakht 3

1 Department of Microbiology, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
2 Department of Biology, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
3 Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
*Corresponding Author: Email: alireza_khodavandi@yahoo.com

Abstract

Introduction: Usually, for treatment of fungal infections, antifungals such as azoles are used, but one of the biggest problems faced in clinical practice is the emergence of resistance for most of these drugs. Antifungal drugs derived from plants may alleviate this problem. The aims of this study were to analyse the ergosterol and gene expression profiles of ERG genes in Candida albicans treated with carvacrol. Methods: We used carvacrol and conducted a series of follow-up studies to examine the inhibitors of Candida species isolated from immunocompromised patients. Antifungal susceptibility test, time-kill study, ergosterol binding assay and ergosterol content were investigated. Eventually, the expression of ERG3 and ERG11genes was carried out to investigate the inhibitory properties of antifungal activity against Candida albicans using quantitative real time RT-PCR. Results: Carvacrol was able to inhibit Candida species and reduce time-kill kinetic in C. albicans. This phytoconstituent acted by binding to ergosterol in the fungal membrane and caused a reduction of 52% of the ergosterol content compared to the untreated growth control. Finally, carvacrol displayed significant down-regulation of ERG3 and ERG11genes in C. albicans. Conclusion: These results provide proof of concept for the implementation of carvacrol inhibitors of Candida species. In addition, ERG3 and ERG11 genes could be probable target of carvacrol against C. albicans.
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Submitted: 14 Jun 2017
Revision: 14 Aug 2017
Accepted: 20 Mar 2018
ePublished: 20 Mar 2018
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